Power, Control, and Data Processing Systems

Design and Implementation of a Safe Line-Following Robot with Automatic Climate and Lighting Control Systems

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

Ali Razzaghi 1
Azin Rahimi Shateranloo 2
Negar Bakhtiari 3
Behzad Ebrahimi 4

1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Qom University of Technology, Qom, Iran

2 L’École d’Ingénieurs Polytech Sorbonne, Spécialité Électronique et Informatique Embarquée (EIE), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,

https://doi.org/10.30511/pcdp.2026.2091135.1082
Abstract
This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of an autonomous line-following robot developed for efficient material transportation in dynamic industrial environments. Unlike conventional line-following robots that focus only on path tracking, the proposed system integrates automatic lighting control, onboard thermal management, and access security as core operational functions. These additional features enable the robot to maintain reliable performance under variable lighting and temperature conditions while preventing unauthorized use in shared workspaces. The navigation system is based on five TCRT5000 infrared sensors, which provide accurate line detection and stable maneuvering along complex trajectories, including sharp 90-degree turns. To enhance environmental adaptability, the robot automatically activates its lighting system in low-light conditions and employs a temperature-regulated cooling mechanism to protect onboard electronics and sensitive payloads. An access control layer is also incorporated to improve operational safety and reduce tampering risks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed robot achieves reliable path-following performance and robust subsystem response under different operating conditions. The combination of precise navigation, environmental adaptation, and security functions makes the system a practical and scalable solution for industrial automation and internal logistics in modern factory settings.

Keywords

Automatic Climate Control
Automatic Lighting Control
AVR ATmega32 Microcontroller
Line-Following Robot
Security System
Subjects
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Power, Control, and Data Processing Systems
Volume 4, Issue 1
Winter 2027
Pages 18-30

  • Receive Date 09 June 2026
  • Revise Date 19 July 2026
  • Accept Date 04 August 2026
  • First Publish Date 04 August 2026
  • Publish Date 01 March 2027

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