Power, Control, and Data Processing Systems

Power, Control, and Data Processing Systems

Impact of Line Impedances and Loads on Compensation Capability of Electric Springs

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Mahdi Shademan 1
Alireza Jalilian 2
1 Department of electrical engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
10.30511/pcdp.2025.2048230.1013
Abstract
The electric spring is used as a demand side management device in the smart grid. Electric springs can be effective in applications such as voltage and power regulation, three-phase load balancing, harmonics compensation, and improve voltage stability by utilizing inverters and mounting on the consumer side. On the other hand, the increasing expansion of renewable energies, the emergence of micro-grids, and electric vehicles are exacerbating power quality issues such as undervoltage, overvoltage, unbalanced loads, and harmonics in the power distribution grid. Therefore, electric springs can provide appropriate voltage quality for critical loads (E.g., building security systems, computers, and digital systems) by connecting series to non-critical loads (E.g., electric water heater, washing machine, and air conditioner) and using different control methods. In this paper, the effect of changes in the magnitude and angle of each line impedance, noncritical load, and critical load on the ability of voltage compensating of electric spring is investigated. For this purpose, two operating modes of overvoltage and undervoltage have been considered to obtain the compensation limits of electric spring. Finally, in this paper, an allowable range for the magnitude and angle of each impedance is proposed, in which the electric spring can compensate for voltage fluctuations without instability.
Keywords
Smart Load
Electric Spring
Power Quality
Voltage Regulation
Demand Side Management

Subjects

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Power, Control, and Data Processing Systems
Volume 2, Issue 1
Winter 2025
Pages 14-21

  • Receive Date 15 December 2024
  • Revise Date 06 February 2025
  • Accept Date 07 February 2025
  • First Publish Date 16 February 2025
  • Publish Date 01 March 2025